MELASMA TREATMENT

Melasma is a disease that causes the face to have brown or grey-brown patches, mostly in the areas above the lips, the nose and other parts of the face which are usually exposed to the sun. This condition is supposed to be genetic and is seen especially in pregnant women. However, melasma can also appear in men and women who have never been pregnant. Even though it is not threatening in any way, it can be quite a worrying issue because of how it appears.

CAUSES OF MELASMA

Sun Exposure

Exposure to UV rays makes the condition worse as melanin production is stimulated, leads to increased melasma.

Hormonal Change

Fluctuations in the hormones due to pregnancy, oral contraceptives, or hormonal therapy cause melasma.

Skin Type

This condition is quite common in people who have darker skin.

Medications

Anti-epileptic medicines could trigger by rendering the skin sensitive to sunlight.

TREATMENT FOR MELASMA

  • Hydroquinone: An agent that lightens the skin by inhibiting the formation of dark spots due to excess melanin. This drug can be obtained either on the prescription of a physician or with no prescription at all.

  • Tretinoin and Corticosteroids:** Their use is together with hydroquinone as a supplement.

  • Azelaic Acid: This reduces pigmentation by working to block the formation of melanin.

  • Kojic acid: It is a naturally occurring plant-made product that has abilities to lighten skin.

  • Tranexamic Acid (Topical): This works by correcting the melanin production imbalance, which decreases hyperpigmentation.

  • Mild chemical peels containing glycolic acid, salicylic acid, or lactic acid can exfoliate the skin and help fade discolouration. Do not perform these procedures without the assistance of medical professionals.
  • Laser Treatments: These are used to spot melanin with hopes of lightening dark areas on the skin (e.g., Q-switch laser, fractional lasers).
  • Intense Pulsed Light (IPL): This procedure aims to use light to decrease pigmentation.
  • It should be noted that laser treatments may exacerbate melasma in certain skin types, so they need to be applied carefully.
  • Tranexamic Acid (Oral): Being an effective treatment for stubborn Melasma, this medicine surprisingly can also be effective in smaller doses.
  • Always ensure to be cautious about your skincare routine, as using harsh products may lead to skin irritation.
  • Refrain from using harsh scrubs which have the capacity to cause excessive exfoliation.
  • Stick to your skincare regime while using skincare options that your dermatologist provides you with.
  • Limit your exposure to heat since it tends to worsen melasma.
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